723 lines
26 KiB
Plaintext
723 lines
26 KiB
Plaintext
--
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-- CONSTRAINTS
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-- Constraints can be specified with:
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-- - DEFAULT clause
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-- - CHECK clauses
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-- - PRIMARY KEY clauses
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-- - UNIQUE clauses
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-- - EXCLUDE clauses
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--
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--
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-- DEFAULT syntax
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--
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CREATE TABLE DEFAULT_TBL (i int DEFAULT 100,
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x text DEFAULT 'vadim', f float8 DEFAULT 123.456);
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INSERT INTO DEFAULT_TBL VALUES (1, 'thomas', 57.0613);
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INSERT INTO DEFAULT_TBL VALUES (1, 'bruce');
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INSERT INTO DEFAULT_TBL (i, f) VALUES (2, 987.654);
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INSERT INTO DEFAULT_TBL (x) VALUES ('marc');
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INSERT INTO DEFAULT_TBL VALUES (3, null, 1.0);
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SELECT '' AS five, * FROM DEFAULT_TBL;
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five | i | x | f
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------+-----+--------+---------
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| 1 | thomas | 57.0613
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| 1 | bruce | 123.456
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| 2 | vadim | 987.654
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| 100 | marc | 123.456
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| 3 | | 1
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(5 rows)
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CREATE SEQUENCE DEFAULT_SEQ;
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CREATE TABLE DEFAULTEXPR_TBL (i1 int DEFAULT 100 + (200-199) * 2,
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i2 int DEFAULT nextval('default_seq'));
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INSERT INTO DEFAULTEXPR_TBL VALUES (-1, -2);
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INSERT INTO DEFAULTEXPR_TBL (i1) VALUES (-3);
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INSERT INTO DEFAULTEXPR_TBL (i2) VALUES (-4);
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INSERT INTO DEFAULTEXPR_TBL (i2) VALUES (NULL);
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SELECT '' AS four, * FROM DEFAULTEXPR_TBL;
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four | i1 | i2
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------+-----+----
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| -1 | -2
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| -3 | 1
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| 102 | -4
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| 102 |
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(4 rows)
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-- syntax errors
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-- test for extraneous comma
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CREATE TABLE error_tbl (i int DEFAULT (100, ));
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ERROR: syntax error at or near ")"
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LINE 1: CREATE TABLE error_tbl (i int DEFAULT (100, ));
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^
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-- this will fail because gram.y uses b_expr not a_expr for defaults,
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-- to avoid a shift/reduce conflict that arises from NOT NULL being
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-- part of the column definition syntax:
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CREATE TABLE error_tbl (b1 bool DEFAULT 1 IN (1, 2));
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ERROR: syntax error at or near "IN"
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LINE 1: CREATE TABLE error_tbl (b1 bool DEFAULT 1 IN (1, 2));
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^
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-- this should work, however:
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CREATE TABLE error_tbl (b1 bool DEFAULT (1 IN (1, 2)));
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DROP TABLE error_tbl;
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--
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-- CHECK syntax
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--
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CREATE TABLE CHECK_TBL (x int,
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CONSTRAINT CHECK_CON CHECK (x > 3));
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INSERT INTO CHECK_TBL VALUES (5);
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INSERT INTO CHECK_TBL VALUES (4);
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INSERT INTO CHECK_TBL VALUES (3);
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ERROR: new row for relation "check_tbl" violates check constraint "check_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (3).
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INSERT INTO CHECK_TBL VALUES (2);
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ERROR: new row for relation "check_tbl" violates check constraint "check_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (2).
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INSERT INTO CHECK_TBL VALUES (6);
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INSERT INTO CHECK_TBL VALUES (1);
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ERROR: new row for relation "check_tbl" violates check constraint "check_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (1).
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SELECT '' AS three, * FROM CHECK_TBL;
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three | x
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-------+---
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| 5
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| 4
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| 6
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(3 rows)
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CREATE SEQUENCE CHECK_SEQ;
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CREATE TABLE CHECK2_TBL (x int, y text, z int,
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CONSTRAINT SEQUENCE_CON
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CHECK (x > 3 and y <> 'check failed' and z < 8));
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INSERT INTO CHECK2_TBL VALUES (4, 'check ok', -2);
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INSERT INTO CHECK2_TBL VALUES (1, 'x check failed', -2);
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ERROR: new row for relation "check2_tbl" violates check constraint "sequence_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (1, x check failed, -2).
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INSERT INTO CHECK2_TBL VALUES (5, 'z check failed', 10);
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ERROR: new row for relation "check2_tbl" violates check constraint "sequence_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (5, z check failed, 10).
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INSERT INTO CHECK2_TBL VALUES (0, 'check failed', -2);
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ERROR: new row for relation "check2_tbl" violates check constraint "sequence_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (0, check failed, -2).
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INSERT INTO CHECK2_TBL VALUES (6, 'check failed', 11);
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ERROR: new row for relation "check2_tbl" violates check constraint "sequence_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (6, check failed, 11).
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INSERT INTO CHECK2_TBL VALUES (7, 'check ok', 7);
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SELECT '' AS two, * from CHECK2_TBL;
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two | x | y | z
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-----+---+----------+----
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| 4 | check ok | -2
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| 7 | check ok | 7
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(2 rows)
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--
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-- Check constraints on INSERT
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--
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CREATE SEQUENCE INSERT_SEQ;
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CREATE TABLE INSERT_TBL (x INT DEFAULT nextval('insert_seq'),
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y TEXT DEFAULT '-NULL-',
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z INT DEFAULT -1 * currval('insert_seq'),
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CONSTRAINT INSERT_TBL_CON CHECK (x >= 3 AND y <> 'check failed' AND x < 8),
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CHECK (x + z = 0));
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(x,z) VALUES (2, -2);
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (2, -NULL-, -2).
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SELECT '' AS zero, * FROM INSERT_TBL;
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zero | x | y | z
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------+---+---+---
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(0 rows)
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SELECT 'one' AS one, nextval('insert_seq');
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one | nextval
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-----+---------
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one | 1
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(1 row)
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y) VALUES ('Y');
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (2, Y, -2).
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y) VALUES ('Y');
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(x,z) VALUES (1, -2);
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (1, -NULL-, -2).
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(z,x) VALUES (-7, 7);
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL VALUES (5, 'check failed', -5);
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (5, check failed, -5).
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL VALUES (7, '!check failed', -7);
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y) VALUES ('-!NULL-');
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SELECT '' AS four, * FROM INSERT_TBL;
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four | x | y | z
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------+---+---------------+----
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| 3 | Y | -3
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| 7 | -NULL- | -7
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| 7 | !check failed | -7
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| 4 | -!NULL- | -4
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(4 rows)
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y,z) VALUES ('check failed', 4);
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (5, check failed, 4).
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(x,y) VALUES (5, 'check failed');
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (5, check failed, -5).
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(x,y) VALUES (5, '!check failed');
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y) VALUES ('-!NULL-');
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SELECT '' AS six, * FROM INSERT_TBL;
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six | x | y | z
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-----+---+---------------+----
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| 3 | Y | -3
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| 7 | -NULL- | -7
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| 7 | !check failed | -7
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| 4 | -!NULL- | -4
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| 5 | !check failed | -5
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| 6 | -!NULL- | -6
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(6 rows)
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SELECT 'seven' AS one, nextval('insert_seq');
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one | nextval
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-------+---------
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seven | 7
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(1 row)
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y) VALUES ('Y');
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (8, Y, -8).
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SELECT 'eight' AS one, currval('insert_seq');
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one | currval
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-------+---------
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eight | 8
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(1 row)
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-- According to SQL, it is OK to insert a record that gives rise to NULL
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-- constraint-condition results. Postgres used to reject this, but it
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-- was wrong:
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL VALUES (null, null, null);
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SELECT '' AS nine, * FROM INSERT_TBL;
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nine | x | y | z
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------+---+---------------+----
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| 3 | Y | -3
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| 7 | -NULL- | -7
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| 7 | !check failed | -7
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| 4 | -!NULL- | -4
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| 5 | !check failed | -5
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| 6 | -!NULL- | -6
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| | |
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(7 rows)
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--
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-- Check constraints on system columns
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--
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CREATE TABLE SYS_COL_CHECK_TBL (city text, state text, is_capital bool,
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altitude int,
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CHECK (NOT (is_capital AND tableoid::regclass::text = 'sys_col_check_tbl')));
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INSERT INTO SYS_COL_CHECK_TBL VALUES ('Seattle', 'Washington', false, 100);
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INSERT INTO SYS_COL_CHECK_TBL VALUES ('Olympia', 'Washington', true, 100);
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ERROR: new row for relation "sys_col_check_tbl" violates check constraint "sys_col_check_tbl_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (Olympia, Washington, t, 100).
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SELECT *, tableoid::regclass::text FROM SYS_COL_CHECK_TBL;
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city | state | is_capital | altitude | tableoid
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---------+------------+------------+----------+-------------------
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Seattle | Washington | f | 100 | sys_col_check_tbl
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(1 row)
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DROP TABLE SYS_COL_CHECK_TBL;
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--
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-- Check constraints on system columns other then TableOid should return error
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--
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CREATE TABLE SYS_COL_CHECK_TBL (city text, state text, is_capital bool,
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altitude int,
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CHECK (NOT (is_capital AND ctid::text = 'sys_col_check_tbl')));
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ERROR: system column "ctid" reference in check constraint is invalid
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--
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-- Check inheritance of defaults and constraints
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--
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CREATE TABLE INSERT_CHILD (cx INT default 42,
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cy INT CHECK (cy > x))
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INHERITS (INSERT_TBL);
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INSERT INTO INSERT_CHILD(x,z,cy) VALUES (7,-7,11);
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INSERT INTO INSERT_CHILD(x,z,cy) VALUES (7,-7,6);
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_child" violates check constraint "insert_child_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (7, -NULL-, -7, 42, 6).
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INSERT INTO INSERT_CHILD(x,z,cy) VALUES (6,-7,7);
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_child" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (6, -NULL-, -7, 42, 7).
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INSERT INTO INSERT_CHILD(x,y,z,cy) VALUES (6,'check failed',-6,7);
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_child" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (6, check failed, -6, 42, 7).
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SELECT * FROM INSERT_CHILD;
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x | y | z | cx | cy
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---+--------+----+----+----
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7 | -NULL- | -7 | 42 | 11
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(1 row)
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DROP TABLE INSERT_CHILD;
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--
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-- Check NO INHERIT type of constraints and inheritance
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--
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CREATE TABLE ATACC1 (TEST INT
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CHECK (TEST > 0) NO INHERIT);
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CREATE TABLE ATACC2 (TEST2 INT) INHERITS (ATACC1);
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-- check constraint is not there on child
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INSERT INTO ATACC2 (TEST) VALUES (-3);
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-- check constraint is there on parent
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INSERT INTO ATACC1 (TEST) VALUES (-3);
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ERROR: new row for relation "atacc1" violates check constraint "atacc1_test_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (-3).
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DROP TABLE ATACC1 CASCADE;
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NOTICE: drop cascades to table atacc2
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CREATE TABLE ATACC1 (TEST INT, TEST2 INT
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CHECK (TEST > 0), CHECK (TEST2 > 10) NO INHERIT);
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CREATE TABLE ATACC2 () INHERITS (ATACC1);
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-- check constraint is there on child
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INSERT INTO ATACC2 (TEST) VALUES (-3);
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ERROR: new row for relation "atacc2" violates check constraint "atacc1_test_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (-3, null).
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-- check constraint is there on parent
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INSERT INTO ATACC1 (TEST) VALUES (-3);
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ERROR: new row for relation "atacc1" violates check constraint "atacc1_test_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (-3, null).
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-- check constraint is not there on child
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INSERT INTO ATACC2 (TEST2) VALUES (3);
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-- check constraint is there on parent
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INSERT INTO ATACC1 (TEST2) VALUES (3);
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ERROR: new row for relation "atacc1" violates check constraint "atacc1_test2_check"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 3).
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DROP TABLE ATACC1 CASCADE;
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NOTICE: drop cascades to table atacc2
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--
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-- Check constraints on INSERT INTO
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--
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DELETE FROM INSERT_TBL;
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ALTER SEQUENCE INSERT_SEQ RESTART WITH 4;
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CREATE TABLE tmp (xd INT, yd TEXT, zd INT);
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INSERT INTO tmp VALUES (null, 'Y', null);
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INSERT INTO tmp VALUES (5, '!check failed', null);
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INSERT INTO tmp VALUES (null, 'try again', null);
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y) select yd from tmp;
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SELECT '' AS three, * FROM INSERT_TBL;
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three | x | y | z
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-------+---+---------------+----
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| 4 | Y | -4
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| 5 | !check failed | -5
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| 6 | try again | -6
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(3 rows)
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL SELECT * FROM tmp WHERE yd = 'try again';
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y,z) SELECT yd, -7 FROM tmp WHERE yd = 'try again';
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INSERT INTO INSERT_TBL(y,z) SELECT yd, -8 FROM tmp WHERE yd = 'try again';
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (8, try again, -8).
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SELECT '' AS four, * FROM INSERT_TBL;
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four | x | y | z
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------+---+---------------+----
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| 4 | Y | -4
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| 5 | !check failed | -5
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| 6 | try again | -6
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| | try again |
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| 7 | try again | -7
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(5 rows)
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DROP TABLE tmp;
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--
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-- Check constraints on UPDATE
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--
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UPDATE INSERT_TBL SET x = NULL WHERE x = 5;
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UPDATE INSERT_TBL SET x = 6 WHERE x = 6;
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UPDATE INSERT_TBL SET x = -z, z = -x;
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UPDATE INSERT_TBL SET x = z, z = x;
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ERROR: new row for relation "insert_tbl" violates check constraint "insert_tbl_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (-4, Y, 4).
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SELECT * FROM INSERT_TBL;
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x | y | z
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---+---------------+----
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4 | Y | -4
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| try again |
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7 | try again | -7
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5 | !check failed |
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6 | try again | -6
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(5 rows)
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-- DROP TABLE INSERT_TBL;
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--
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-- Check constraints on COPY FROM
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--
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CREATE TABLE COPY_TBL (x INT, y TEXT, z INT,
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CONSTRAINT COPY_CON
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CHECK (x > 3 AND y <> 'check failed' AND x < 7 ));
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COPY COPY_TBL FROM '@abs_srcdir@/data/constro.data';
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SELECT '' AS two, * FROM COPY_TBL;
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two | x | y | z
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-----+---+---------------+---
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| 4 | !check failed | 5
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| 6 | OK | 4
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(2 rows)
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COPY COPY_TBL FROM '@abs_srcdir@/data/constrf.data';
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ERROR: new row for relation "copy_tbl" violates check constraint "copy_con"
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (7, check failed, 6).
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CONTEXT: COPY copy_tbl, line 2: "7 check failed 6"
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SELECT * FROM COPY_TBL;
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x | y | z
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---+---------------+---
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4 | !check failed | 5
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6 | OK | 4
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(2 rows)
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--
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-- Primary keys
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--
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CREATE TABLE PRIMARY_TBL (i int PRIMARY KEY, t text);
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (1, 'one');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (2, 'two');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (1, 'three');
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ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "primary_tbl_pkey"
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DETAIL: Key (i)=(1) already exists.
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (4, 'three');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (5, 'one');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL (t) VALUES ('six');
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ERROR: null value in column "i" violates not-null constraint
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, six).
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SELECT '' AS four, * FROM PRIMARY_TBL;
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four | i | t
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------+---+-------
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| 1 | one
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| 2 | two
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| 4 | three
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| 5 | one
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(4 rows)
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DROP TABLE PRIMARY_TBL;
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CREATE TABLE PRIMARY_TBL (i int, t text,
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PRIMARY KEY(i,t));
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (1, 'one');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (2, 'two');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (1, 'three');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (4, 'three');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL VALUES (5, 'one');
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INSERT INTO PRIMARY_TBL (t) VALUES ('six');
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ERROR: null value in column "i" violates not-null constraint
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DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, six).
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SELECT '' AS three, * FROM PRIMARY_TBL;
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three | i | t
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-------+---+-------
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| 1 | one
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| 2 | two
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| 1 | three
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| 4 | three
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| 5 | one
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(5 rows)
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DROP TABLE PRIMARY_TBL;
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--
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-- Unique keys
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--
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CREATE TABLE UNIQUE_TBL (i int UNIQUE, t text);
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (1, 'one');
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (2, 'two');
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (1, 'three');
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ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "unique_tbl_i_key"
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DETAIL: Key (i)=(1) already exists.
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (4, 'four');
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (5, 'one');
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL (t) VALUES ('six');
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL (t) VALUES ('seven');
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (5, 'five-upsert-insert') ON CONFLICT (i) DO UPDATE SET t = 'five-upsert-update';
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (6, 'six-upsert-insert') ON CONFLICT (i) DO UPDATE SET t = 'six-upsert-update';
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-- should fail
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (2, 'b') ON CONFLICT (i) DO UPDATE SET t = 'fails';
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ERROR: ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE command cannot affect row a second time
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HINT: Ensure that no rows proposed for insertion within the same command have duplicate constrained values.
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SELECT '' AS five, * FROM UNIQUE_TBL;
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five | i | t
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------+---+--------------------
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| 1 | one
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| 2 | two
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| 4 | four
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| | six
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| | seven
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| 5 | five-upsert-update
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| 6 | six-upsert-insert
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(7 rows)
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DROP TABLE UNIQUE_TBL;
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CREATE TABLE UNIQUE_TBL (i int, t text,
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UNIQUE(i,t));
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (1, 'one');
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (2, 'two');
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INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (1, 'three');
|
|
INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (1, 'one');
|
|
ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "unique_tbl_i_t_key"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (i, t)=(1, one) already exists.
|
|
INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL VALUES (5, 'one');
|
|
INSERT INTO UNIQUE_TBL (t) VALUES ('six');
|
|
SELECT '' AS five, * FROM UNIQUE_TBL;
|
|
five | i | t
|
|
------+---+-------
|
|
| 1 | one
|
|
| 2 | two
|
|
| 1 | three
|
|
| 5 | one
|
|
| | six
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
DROP TABLE UNIQUE_TBL;
|
|
--
|
|
-- Deferrable unique constraints
|
|
--
|
|
CREATE TABLE unique_tbl (i int UNIQUE DEFERRABLE, t text);
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (0, 'one');
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (1, 'two');
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (2, 'tree');
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (3, 'four');
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (4, 'five');
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
-- default is immediate so this should fail right away
|
|
UPDATE unique_tbl SET i = 1 WHERE i = 0;
|
|
ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "unique_tbl_i_key"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (i)=(1) already exists.
|
|
ROLLBACK;
|
|
-- check is done at end of statement, so this should succeed
|
|
UPDATE unique_tbl SET i = i+1;
|
|
SELECT * FROM unique_tbl;
|
|
i | t
|
|
---+------
|
|
1 | one
|
|
2 | two
|
|
3 | tree
|
|
4 | four
|
|
5 | five
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- explicitly defer the constraint
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
SET CONSTRAINTS unique_tbl_i_key DEFERRED;
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (3, 'three');
|
|
DELETE FROM unique_tbl WHERE t = 'tree'; -- makes constraint valid again
|
|
COMMIT; -- should succeed
|
|
SELECT * FROM unique_tbl;
|
|
i | t
|
|
---+-------
|
|
1 | one
|
|
2 | two
|
|
4 | four
|
|
5 | five
|
|
3 | three
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- try adding an initially deferred constraint
|
|
ALTER TABLE unique_tbl DROP CONSTRAINT unique_tbl_i_key;
|
|
ALTER TABLE unique_tbl ADD CONSTRAINT unique_tbl_i_key
|
|
UNIQUE (i) DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED;
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (1, 'five');
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (5, 'one');
|
|
UPDATE unique_tbl SET i = 4 WHERE i = 2;
|
|
UPDATE unique_tbl SET i = 2 WHERE i = 4 AND t = 'four';
|
|
DELETE FROM unique_tbl WHERE i = 1 AND t = 'one';
|
|
DELETE FROM unique_tbl WHERE i = 5 AND t = 'five';
|
|
COMMIT;
|
|
SELECT * FROM unique_tbl;
|
|
i | t
|
|
---+-------
|
|
3 | three
|
|
1 | five
|
|
5 | one
|
|
4 | two
|
|
2 | four
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- should fail at commit-time
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (3, 'Three'); -- should succeed for now
|
|
COMMIT; -- should fail
|
|
ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "unique_tbl_i_key"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (i)=(3) already exists.
|
|
-- make constraint check immediate
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
SET CONSTRAINTS ALL IMMEDIATE;
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (3, 'Three'); -- should fail
|
|
ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "unique_tbl_i_key"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (i)=(3) already exists.
|
|
COMMIT;
|
|
-- forced check when SET CONSTRAINTS is called
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
SET CONSTRAINTS ALL DEFERRED;
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (3, 'Three'); -- should succeed for now
|
|
SET CONSTRAINTS ALL IMMEDIATE; -- should fail
|
|
ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "unique_tbl_i_key"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (i)=(3) already exists.
|
|
COMMIT;
|
|
-- test deferrable UNIQUE with a partitioned table
|
|
CREATE TABLE parted_uniq_tbl (i int UNIQUE DEFERRABLE) partition by range (i);
|
|
CREATE TABLE parted_uniq_tbl_1 PARTITION OF parted_uniq_tbl FOR VALUES FROM (0) TO (10);
|
|
CREATE TABLE parted_uniq_tbl_2 PARTITION OF parted_uniq_tbl FOR VALUES FROM (20) TO (30);
|
|
SELECT conname, conrelid::regclass FROM pg_constraint
|
|
WHERE conname LIKE 'parted_uniq%' ORDER BY conname;
|
|
conname | conrelid
|
|
-------------------------+-------------------
|
|
parted_uniq_tbl_1_i_key | parted_uniq_tbl_1
|
|
parted_uniq_tbl_2_i_key | parted_uniq_tbl_2
|
|
parted_uniq_tbl_i_key | parted_uniq_tbl
|
|
(3 rows)
|
|
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
INSERT INTO parted_uniq_tbl VALUES (1);
|
|
SAVEPOINT f;
|
|
INSERT INTO parted_uniq_tbl VALUES (1); -- unique violation
|
|
ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "parted_uniq_tbl_1_i_key"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (i)=(1) already exists.
|
|
ROLLBACK TO f;
|
|
SET CONSTRAINTS parted_uniq_tbl_i_key DEFERRED;
|
|
INSERT INTO parted_uniq_tbl VALUES (1); -- OK now, fail at commit
|
|
COMMIT;
|
|
ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "parted_uniq_tbl_1_i_key"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (i)=(1) already exists.
|
|
DROP TABLE parted_uniq_tbl;
|
|
-- test a HOT update that invalidates the conflicting tuple.
|
|
-- the trigger should still fire and catch the violation
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES (3, 'Three'); -- should succeed for now
|
|
UPDATE unique_tbl SET t = 'THREE' WHERE i = 3 AND t = 'Three';
|
|
COMMIT; -- should fail
|
|
ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "unique_tbl_i_key"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (i)=(3) already exists.
|
|
SELECT * FROM unique_tbl;
|
|
i | t
|
|
---+-------
|
|
3 | three
|
|
1 | five
|
|
5 | one
|
|
4 | two
|
|
2 | four
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
-- test a HOT update that modifies the newly inserted tuple,
|
|
-- but should succeed because we then remove the other conflicting tuple.
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
INSERT INTO unique_tbl VALUES(3, 'tree'); -- should succeed for now
|
|
UPDATE unique_tbl SET t = 'threex' WHERE t = 'tree';
|
|
DELETE FROM unique_tbl WHERE t = 'three';
|
|
SELECT * FROM unique_tbl;
|
|
i | t
|
|
---+--------
|
|
1 | five
|
|
5 | one
|
|
4 | two
|
|
2 | four
|
|
3 | threex
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
COMMIT;
|
|
SELECT * FROM unique_tbl;
|
|
i | t
|
|
---+--------
|
|
1 | five
|
|
5 | one
|
|
4 | two
|
|
2 | four
|
|
3 | threex
|
|
(5 rows)
|
|
|
|
DROP TABLE unique_tbl;
|
|
--
|
|
-- EXCLUDE constraints
|
|
--
|
|
CREATE TABLE circles (
|
|
c1 CIRCLE,
|
|
c2 TEXT,
|
|
EXCLUDE USING gist
|
|
(c1 WITH &&, (c2::circle) WITH &&)
|
|
WHERE (circle_center(c1) <> '(0,0)')
|
|
);
|
|
-- these should succeed because they don't match the index predicate
|
|
INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(0,0), 5>', '<(0,0), 5>');
|
|
INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(0,0), 5>', '<(0,0), 4>');
|
|
-- succeed
|
|
INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(10,10), 10>', '<(0,0), 5>');
|
|
-- fail, overlaps
|
|
INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>');
|
|
ERROR: conflicting key value violates exclusion constraint "circles_c1_c2_excl"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (c1, (c2::circle))=(<(20,20),10>, <(0,0),4>) conflicts with existing key (c1, (c2::circle))=(<(10,10),10>, <(0,0),5>).
|
|
-- succeed, because violation is ignored
|
|
INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>')
|
|
ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT circles_c1_c2_excl DO NOTHING;
|
|
-- fail, because DO UPDATE variant requires unique index
|
|
INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(0,0), 4>')
|
|
ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT circles_c1_c2_excl DO UPDATE SET c2 = EXCLUDED.c2;
|
|
ERROR: ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE not supported with exclusion constraints
|
|
-- succeed because c1 doesn't overlap
|
|
INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 1>', '<(0,0), 5>');
|
|
-- succeed because c2 doesn't overlap
|
|
INSERT INTO circles VALUES('<(20,20), 10>', '<(10,10), 5>');
|
|
-- should fail on existing data without the WHERE clause
|
|
ALTER TABLE circles ADD EXCLUDE USING gist
|
|
(c1 WITH &&, (c2::circle) WITH &&);
|
|
ERROR: could not create exclusion constraint "circles_c1_c2_excl1"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (c1, (c2::circle))=(<(0,0),5>, <(0,0),5>) conflicts with key (c1, (c2::circle))=(<(0,0),5>, <(0,0),4>).
|
|
-- try reindexing an existing constraint
|
|
REINDEX INDEX circles_c1_c2_excl;
|
|
DROP TABLE circles;
|
|
-- Check deferred exclusion constraint
|
|
CREATE TABLE deferred_excl (
|
|
f1 int,
|
|
f2 int,
|
|
CONSTRAINT deferred_excl_con EXCLUDE (f1 WITH =) INITIALLY DEFERRED
|
|
);
|
|
INSERT INTO deferred_excl VALUES(1);
|
|
INSERT INTO deferred_excl VALUES(2);
|
|
INSERT INTO deferred_excl VALUES(1); -- fail
|
|
ERROR: conflicting key value violates exclusion constraint "deferred_excl_con"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (f1)=(1) conflicts with existing key (f1)=(1).
|
|
INSERT INTO deferred_excl VALUES(1) ON CONFLICT ON CONSTRAINT deferred_excl_con DO NOTHING; -- fail
|
|
ERROR: ON CONFLICT does not support deferrable unique constraints/exclusion constraints as arbiters
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
INSERT INTO deferred_excl VALUES(2); -- no fail here
|
|
COMMIT; -- should fail here
|
|
ERROR: conflicting key value violates exclusion constraint "deferred_excl_con"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (f1)=(2) conflicts with existing key (f1)=(2).
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
INSERT INTO deferred_excl VALUES(3);
|
|
INSERT INTO deferred_excl VALUES(3); -- no fail here
|
|
COMMIT; -- should fail here
|
|
ERROR: conflicting key value violates exclusion constraint "deferred_excl_con"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (f1)=(3) conflicts with existing key (f1)=(3).
|
|
-- bug #13148: deferred constraint versus HOT update
|
|
BEGIN;
|
|
INSERT INTO deferred_excl VALUES(2, 1); -- no fail here
|
|
DELETE FROM deferred_excl WHERE f1 = 2 AND f2 IS NULL; -- remove old row
|
|
UPDATE deferred_excl SET f2 = 2 WHERE f1 = 2;
|
|
COMMIT; -- should not fail
|
|
SELECT * FROM deferred_excl;
|
|
f1 | f2
|
|
----+----
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 | 2
|
|
(2 rows)
|
|
|
|
ALTER TABLE deferred_excl DROP CONSTRAINT deferred_excl_con;
|
|
-- This should fail, but worth testing because of HOT updates
|
|
UPDATE deferred_excl SET f1 = 3;
|
|
ALTER TABLE deferred_excl ADD EXCLUDE (f1 WITH =);
|
|
ERROR: could not create exclusion constraint "deferred_excl_f1_excl"
|
|
DETAIL: Key (f1)=(3) conflicts with key (f1)=(3).
|
|
DROP TABLE deferred_excl;
|
|
-- Comments
|
|
CREATE TABLE constraint_comments_tbl (a int CONSTRAINT the_constraint CHECK (a > 0));
|
|
CREATE DOMAIN constraint_comments_dom AS int CONSTRAINT the_constraint CHECK (value > 0);
|
|
COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT the_constraint ON constraint_comments_tbl IS 'yes, the comment';
|
|
COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT the_constraint ON DOMAIN constraint_comments_dom IS 'yes, another comment';
|
|
-- no such constraint
|
|
COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT no_constraint ON constraint_comments_tbl IS 'yes, the comment';
|
|
ERROR: constraint "no_constraint" for table "constraint_comments_tbl" does not exist
|
|
COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT no_constraint ON DOMAIN constraint_comments_dom IS 'yes, another comment';
|
|
ERROR: constraint "no_constraint" for domain constraint_comments_dom does not exist
|
|
-- no such table/domain
|
|
COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT the_constraint ON no_comments_tbl IS 'bad comment';
|
|
ERROR: relation "no_comments_tbl" does not exist
|
|
COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT the_constraint ON DOMAIN no_comments_dom IS 'another bad comment';
|
|
ERROR: type "no_comments_dom" does not exist
|
|
COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT the_constraint ON constraint_comments_tbl IS NULL;
|
|
COMMENT ON CONSTRAINT the_constraint ON DOMAIN constraint_comments_dom IS NULL;
|
|
DROP TABLE constraint_comments_tbl;
|
|
DROP DOMAIN constraint_comments_dom;
|