For performance reasons a larger segment size than the default 16MB
can be useful. A larger segment size has two main benefits: Firstly,
in setups using archiving, it makes it easier to write scripts that
can keep up with higher amounts of WAL, secondly, the WAL has to be
written and synced to disk less frequently.
But at the same time large segment size are disadvantageous for
smaller databases. So far the segment size had to be configured at
compile time, often making it unrealistic to choose one fitting to a
particularly load. Therefore change it to a initdb time setting.
This includes a breaking changes to the xlogreader.h API, which now
requires the current segment size to be configured. For that and
similar reasons a number of binaries had to be taught how to recognize
the current segment size.
Author: Beena Emerson, editorialized by Andres Freund
Reviewed-By: Andres Freund, David Steele, Kuntal Ghosh, Michael
Paquier, Peter Eisentraut, Robert Hass, Tushar Ahuja
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOG9ApEAcQ--1ieKbhFzXSQPw_YLmepaa4hNdnY5+ZULpt81Mw@mail.gmail.com
The encoding ID was converted between string and number too many times,
probably a remnant from the shell script days.
Reviewed-by: Aleksandr Parfenov <a.parfenov@postgrespro.ru>
Marco Atzeri reported that initdb would fail if "locale -a" reported
the same locale name more than once. All previous versions of Postgres
implicitly de-duplicated the results of "locale -a", but the rewrite
to move the collation import logic into C had lost that property.
It had also lost the property that locale names matching built-in
collation names were silently ignored.
The simplest way to fix this is to make initdb run the function in
if-not-exists mode, which means that there's no real use-case for
non if-not-exists mode; we might as well just drop the boolean argument
and simplify the function's definition to be "add any collations not
already known". This change also gets rid of some odd corner cases
caused by the fact that aliases were added in if-not-exists mode even
if the function argument said otherwise.
While at it, adjust the behavior so that pg_import_system_collations()
doesn't spew "collation foo already exists, skipping" messages during a
re-run; that's completely unhelpful, especially since there are often
hundreds of them. And make it return a count of the number of collations
it did add, which seems like it might be helpful.
Also, re-integrate the previous coding's property that it would make a
deterministic selection of which alias to use if there were conflicting
possibilities. This would only come into play if "locale -a" reports
multiple equivalent locale names, say "de_DE.utf8" and "de_DE.UTF-8",
but that hardly seems out of the question.
In passing, fix incorrect behavior in pg_import_system_collations()'s
ICU code path: it neglected CommandCounterIncrement, which would result
in failures if ICU returns duplicate names, and it would try to create
comments even if a new collation hadn't been created.
Also, reorder operations in initdb so that the 'ucs_basic' collation
is created before calling pg_import_system_collations() not after.
This prevents a failure if "locale -a" were to report a locale named
that. There's no reason to think that that ever happens in the wild,
but the old coding would have survived it, so let's be equally robust.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20c74bc3-d6ca-243d-1bbc-12f17fa4fe9a@gmail.com
It's essential that initdb.c's setup_depend() scan each system catalog
that could contain objects that need to have "p" (pin) entries in pg_depend
or pg_shdepend. Forgetting to add that, either when a catalog is first
invented or when it first acquires DATA() entries, is an obvious bug
hazard. We can detect such omissions at reasonable cost by probing every
OID-containing system catalog to see whether the lowest-numbered OID in it
is pinned. If so, the catalog must have been properly accounted for in
setup_depend(). If the lowest OID is above FirstNormalObjectId then the
catalog must have been empty at the end of initdb, so it doesn't matter.
There are a small number of catalogs whose first entry is made later in
initdb than setup_depend(), resulting in nonempty expected output of the
test, but these can be manually inspected to see that they are OK. Any
future mistake of this ilk will manifest as a new entry in the test's
output.
Since pg_conversion is already in the test's output, add it to the set of
catalogs scanned by setup_depend(). That has no effect today (hence, no
catversion bump here) but it will protect us if we ever do add pin-worthy
conversions.
This test is very much like the catalog sanity checks embodied in
opr_sanity.sql and type_sanity.sql, but testing pg_depend doesn't seem to
fit naturally into either of those scripts' charters. Hence, invent a new
test script misc_sanity.sql, which can be a home for this as well as tests
on any other catalogs we might want in future.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/8068.1498155068@sss.pgh.pa.us
Don't move parenthesized lines to the left, even if that means they
flow past the right margin.
By default, BSD indent lines up statement continuation lines that are
within parentheses so that they start just to the right of the preceding
left parenthesis. However, traditionally, if that resulted in the
continuation line extending to the right of the desired right margin,
then indent would push it left just far enough to not overrun the margin,
if it could do so without making the continuation line start to the left of
the current statement indent. That makes for a weird mix of indentations
unless one has been completely rigid about never violating the 80-column
limit.
This behavior has been pretty universally panned by Postgres developers.
Hence, disable it with indent's new -lpl switch, so that parenthesized
lines are always lined up with the preceding left paren.
This patch is much less interesting than the first round of indent
changes, but also bulkier, so I thought it best to separate the effects.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1dAmxK-0006EE-1r@gemulon.postgresql.org
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/30527.1495162840@sss.pgh.pa.us
Change pg_bsd_indent to follow upstream rules for placement of comments
to the right of code, and remove pgindent hack that caused comments
following #endif to not obey the general rule.
Commit e3860ffa4d wasn't actually using
the published version of pg_bsd_indent, but a hacked-up version that
tried to minimize the amount of movement of comments to the right of
code. The situation of interest is where such a comment has to be
moved to the right of its default placement at column 33 because there's
code there. BSD indent has always moved right in units of tab stops
in such cases --- but in the previous incarnation, indent was working
in 8-space tab stops, while now it knows we use 4-space tabs. So the
net result is that in about half the cases, such comments are placed
one tab stop left of before. This is better all around: it leaves
more room on the line for comment text, and it means that in such
cases the comment uniformly starts at the next 4-space tab stop after
the code, rather than sometimes one and sometimes two tabs after.
Also, ensure that comments following #endif are indented the same
as comments following other preprocessor commands such as #else.
That inconsistency turns out to have been self-inflicted damage
from a poorly-thought-through post-indent "fixup" in pgindent.
This patch is much less interesting than the first round of indent
changes, but also bulkier, so I thought it best to separate the effects.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1dAmxK-0006EE-1r@gemulon.postgresql.org
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/30527.1495162840@sss.pgh.pa.us
The new indent version includes numerous fixes thanks to Piotr Stefaniak.
The main changes visible in this commit are:
* Nicer formatting of function-pointer declarations.
* No longer unexpectedly removes spaces in expressions using casts,
sizeof, or offsetof.
* No longer wants to add a space in "struct structname *varname", as
well as some similar cases for const- or volatile-qualified pointers.
* Declarations using PG_USED_FOR_ASSERTS_ONLY are formatted more nicely.
* Fixes bug where comments following declarations were sometimes placed
with no space separating them from the code.
* Fixes some odd decisions for comments following case labels.
* Fixes some cases where comments following code were indented to less
than the expected column 33.
On the less good side, it now tends to put more whitespace around typedef
names that are not listed in typedefs.list. This might encourage us to
put more effort into typedef name collection; it's not really a bug in
indent itself.
There are more changes coming after this round, having to do with comment
indentation and alignment of lines appearing within parentheses. I wanted
to limit the size of the diffs to something that could be reviewed without
one's eyes completely glazing over, so it seemed better to split up the
changes as much as practical.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1dAmxK-0006EE-1r@gemulon.postgresql.org
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/30527.1495162840@sss.pgh.pa.us
Per discussion, plain "scram" is confusing because we actually implement
SCRAM-SHA-256 rather than the original SCRAM that uses SHA-1 as the hash
algorithm. If we add support for SCRAM-SHA-512 or some other mechanism in
the SCRAM family in the future, that would become even more confusing.
Most of the internal files and functions still use just "scram" as a
shorthand for SCRMA-SHA-256, but I did change PASSWORD_TYPE_SCRAM to
PASSWORD_TYPE_SCRAM_SHA_256, as that could potentially be used by 3rd
party extensions that hook into the password-check hook.
Michael Paquier did this in an earlier version of the SCRAM patch set
already, but I didn't include that in the version that was committed.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/fde71ff1-5858-90c8-99a9-1c2427e7bafb@iki.fi
Add a column collprovider to pg_collation that determines which library
provides the collation data. The existing choices are default and libc,
and this adds an icu choice, which uses the ICU4C library.
The pg_locale_t type is changed to a union that contains the
provider-specific locale handles. Users of locale information are
changed to look into that struct for the appropriate handle to use.
Also add a collversion column that records the version of the collation
when it is created, and check at run time whether it is still the same.
This detects potentially incompatible library upgrades that can corrupt
indexes and other structures. This is currently only supported by
ICU-provided collations.
initdb initializes the default collation set as before from the `locale
-a` output but also adds all available ICU locales with a "-x-icu"
appended.
Currently, ICU-provided collations can only be explicitly named
collations. The global database locales are still always libc-provided.
ICU support is enabled by configure --with-icu.
Reviewed-by: Thomas Munro <thomas.munro@enterprisedb.com>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Karlsson <andreas@proxel.se>
Although it's reasonable to expect that most of these constants will
never change, that does not make it good programming style to hard-code
the value rather than using the RELKIND_FOO macros.
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/11145.1488931324@sss.pgh.pa.us
initdb now initializes a pg_hba.conf that allows replication connections
from the local host, same as it does for regular connections. The
connecting user still needs to have the REPLICATION attribute or be a
superuser.
The intent is to allow pg_basebackup from the local host to succeed
without requiring additional configuration.
Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com> and me
This introduces a new generic SASL authentication method, similar to the
GSS and SSPI methods. The server first tells the client which SASL
authentication mechanism to use, and then the mechanism-specific SASL
messages are exchanged in AuthenticationSASLcontinue and PasswordMessage
messages. Only SCRAM-SHA-256 is supported at the moment, but this allows
adding more SASL mechanisms in the future, without changing the overall
protocol.
Support for channel binding, aka SCRAM-SHA-256-PLUS is left for later.
The SASLPrep algorithm, for pre-processing the password, is not yet
implemented. That could cause trouble, if you use a password with
non-ASCII characters, and a client library that does implement SASLprep.
That will hopefully be added later.
Authorization identities, as specified in the SCRAM-SHA-256 specification,
are ignored. SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION provides more or less the same
functionality, anyway.
If a user doesn't exist, perform a "mock" authentication, by constructing
an authentic-looking challenge on the fly. The challenge is derived from
a new system-wide random value, "mock authentication nonce", which is
created at initdb, and stored in the control file. We go through these
motions, in order to not give away the information on whether the user
exists, to unauthenticated users.
Bumps PG_CONTROL_VERSION, because of the new field in control file.
Patch by Michael Paquier and Heikki Linnakangas, reviewed at different
stages by Robert Haas, Stephen Frost, David Steele, Aleksander Alekseev,
and many others.
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqRbR3GmFYdedCAhzukfKrgBLTLtMvENOmPrVWREsZkF8g%40mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAB7nPqSMXU35g%3DW9X74HVeQp0uvgJxvYOuA4A-A3M%2B0wfEBv-w%40mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/55192AFE.6080106@iki.fi
c.h #includes a number of core libc header files, such as <stdio.h>.
There's no point in re-including these after having read postgres.h,
postgres_fe.h, or c.h; so remove code that did so.
While at it, also fix some places that were ignoring our standard pattern
of "include postgres[_fe].h, then system header files, then other Postgres
header files". While there's not any great magic in doing it that way
rather than system headers last, it's silly to have just a few files
deviating from the general pattern. (But I didn't attempt to enforce this
globally, only in files I was touching anyway.)
I'd be the first to say that this is mostly compulsive neatnik-ism,
but over time it might save enough compile cycles to be useful.
The previous coding did not properly quote the user name before casting
it to regrole. To avoid all that, just pass in BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID
numerically.
Also fix one place where the BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID was hardcoded as 10.
Move this logic out of initdb into a user-callable function. This
simplifies the code and makes it possible to update the standard
collations later on if additional operating system collations appear.
Reviewed-by: Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>
Reviewed-by: Euler Taveira <euler@timbira.com.br>
Instead of confusingly stating platform-dependent defaults for these
parameters in the comments in postgresql.conf.sample (with the main
entry being a lie on Linux), teach initdb to install the correct
platform-dependent value in postgresql.conf, similarly to the way
we handle other platform-dependent defaults. This won't do anything
for existing 9.6 installations, but since it's effectively only a
documentation improvement, that seems OK.
Since this requires initdb to have access to the default values,
move the #define's for those to pg_config_manual.h; the original
placement in bufmgr.h is unworkable because that file can't be
included by frontend programs.
Adjust the default value for wal_writer_flush_after so that it is 1MB
regardless of XLOG_BLCKSZ, conforming to what is stated in both the
SGML docs and postgresql.conf. (We could alternatively make it scale
with XLOG_BLCKSZ, but I'm not sure I see the point.)
Copy-edit related SGML documentation.
Fabien Coelho and Tom Lane, per a gripe from Tomas Vondra.
Discussion: <30ebc6e3-8358-09cf-44a8-578252938424@2ndquadrant.com>
"xlog" is not a particularly clear abbreviation for "write-ahead log",
and it sometimes confuses users into believe that the contents of the
"pg_xlog" directory are not critical data, leading to unpleasant
consequences. So, rename the directory to "pg_wal".
This patch modifies pg_upgrade and pg_basebackup to understand both
the old and new directory layouts; the former is necessary given the
purpose of the tool, while the latter merely avoids an unnecessary
backward-compatibility break.
We may wish to consider renaming other programs, switches, and
functions which still use the old "xlog" naming to also refer to
"wal". However, that's still under discussion, so let's do just this
much for now.
Discussion: CAB7nPqTeC-8+zux8_-4ZD46V7YPwooeFxgndfsq5Rg8ibLVm1A@mail.gmail.com
Michael Paquier
--noclean and --nosync were the only options spelled without a hyphen,
so change this for consistency with other options. The options in
pg_basebackup have not been in a release, so we just rename them. For
initdb, we retain the old variants.
Vik Fearing and me
What used to be four spaces somehow turned into a tab and a couple of
spaces in commit a00c58314, no doubt from overhelpful emacs autoindent.
Noted by Peter Eisentraut.
The previous API for this function had it returning a malloc'd string.
That meant that callers had to check for NULL return, which few of them
were doing, and it also meant that callers had to remember to free()
the string later, which required extra logic in most cases.
Instead, make simple_prompt() write into a buffer supplied by the caller.
Anywhere that the maximum required input length is reasonably small,
which is almost all of the callers, we can just use a local or static
array as the buffer instead of dealing with malloc/free.
A fair number of callers used "pointer == NULL" as a proxy for "haven't
requested the password yet". Maintaining the same behavior requires
adding a separate boolean flag for that, which adds back some of the
complexity we save by removing free()s. Nonetheless, this nets out
at a small reduction in overall code size, and considerably less code
than we would have had if we'd added the missing NULL-return checks
everywhere they were needed.
In passing, clean up the API comment for simple_prompt() and get rid
of a very-unnecessary malloc/free in its Windows code path.
This is nominally a bug fix, but it does not seem worth back-patching,
because the actual risk of an OOM failure in any of these places seems
pretty tiny, and all of them are client-side not server-side anyway.
This patch is by me, but it owes a great deal to Michael Paquier
who identified the problem and drafted a patch for fixing it the
other way.
Discussion: <CAB7nPqRu07Ot6iht9i9KRfYLpDaF2ZuUv5y_+72uP23ZAGysRg@mail.gmail.com>
While testing simple_prompt() revisions, I happened to notice that
current initdb behaves rather badly when --pwprompt is specified and
the user miskeys the second password. It complains about the mismatch,
does "rm -rf" on the data directory, and exits. The problem is that
since commit c4a8812cf, there's a standalone backend sitting waiting
for commands at that point. It gets unhappy about its datadir having
gone away, and spews a PANIC message at the user, which is not nice.
(And the shell then adds to the mess with meaningless bleating about a
core dump...) We don't really want that sort of thing to happen unless
there's an internal failure in initdb, which this surely is not.
The best fix seems to be to move the collection of the password
earlier, so that it's done essentially as part of argument collection,
rather than at the rather ad-hoc time it was done before.
Back-patch to 9.6 where the problem was introduced.
The original coding here was not nearly careful enough about quoting
special characters, and it didn't get corner cases right for constructing
the pg_ctl path either. Use join_path_components() and appendShellString()
to do it honestly, so that the string will more likely work if blindly
copied-and-pasted.
While at it, teach appendShellString() not to quote strings that clearly
don't need it, so that the output from initdb doesn't become uglier than
it was before in typical cases where quoting is not needed.
Ryan Murphy, reviewed by Michael Paquier and myself
Discussion: <CAHeEsBeAe1FeBypT3E8R1ZVZU0e8xv3A-7BHg6bEOi=jZny2Uw@mail.gmail.com>
The performance overhead of this can be significant on Windows, and most
people don't have the tools to view it anyway as Windows does not have
native support for process titles.
Discussion: <0A3221C70F24FB45833433255569204D1F5BE3E8@G01JPEXMBYT05>
Takayuki Tsunakawa
Dump out the appropriate GRANT/REVOKE commands for databases and
tablespaces from pg_dumpall to replicate what the current state is.
This was broken during the changes to buildACLCommands for 9.6+
servers for pg_init_privs.
This was overlooked in commit 473b93287, which introduced DROP ACCESS
METHOD. Although that command is restricted to superusers, we don't want
even superusers dropping the built-in methods; "DROP ACCESS METHOD btree"
in particular is unrecoverable from. Pin these objects in the same way
that other initdb-created objects are pinned.
I chose to bump catversion for this fix. That's not absolutely necessary
perhaps, but it will ensure that no 9.6 production systems are missing
the pin entries.
Use disallowed instead of reserved, cannot instead of can not, and
double quotes instead of single quotes.
Also add a test to cover the bug which started this discussion.
Per discussion with Tom.
Create a "bsd" auth method that works the same as "password" so far as
clients are concerned, but calls the BSD Authentication service to
check the password. This is currently only available on OpenBSD.
Marisa Emerson, reviewed by Thomas Munro
Now that all of the infrastructure exists, add in the ability to
dump out the ACLs of the objects inside of pg_catalog or the ACLs
for objects which are members of extensions, but only if they have
been changed from their original values.
The original values are tracked in pg_init_privs. When pg_dump'ing
9.6-and-above databases, we will dump out the ACLs for all objects
in pg_catalog and the ACLs for all extension members, where the ACL
has been changed from the original value which was set during either
initdb or CREATE EXTENSION.
This should not change dumps against pre-9.6 databases.
Reviews by Alexander Korotkov, Jose Luis Tallon
This new catalog holds the privileges which the system was
initialized with at initdb time, along with any permissions set
by extensions at CREATE EXTENSION time. This allows pg_dump
(and any other similar use-cases) to detect when the privileges
set on initdb-created or extension-created objects have been
changed from what they were set to at initdb/extension-creation
time and handle those changes appropriately.
Reviews by Alexander Korotkov, Jose Luis Tallon
Turns out the only reason initdb -X worked is that pg_mkdir_p won't
whine if you point it at something that's a symlink to a directory.
Otherwise, the attempt to create pg_xlog/ just like all the other
subdirectories would have failed. Let's be a little more explicit
about what's happening. Oversight in my patch for bug #13853
(mea culpa for not testing -X ...)
When we're creating subdirectories of PGDATA during initdb, we know darn
well that the parent directory exists (or should exist) and that the new
subdirectory doesn't (or shouldn't). There is therefore no need to use
anything more complicated than mkdir(). Using pg_mkdir_p() just opens us
up to unexpected failure modes, such as the one exhibited in bug #13853
from Nuri Boardman. It's not very clear why pg_mkdir_p() went wrong there,
but it is clear that we didn't need to be trying to create parent
directories in the first place. We're not even saving any code, as proven
by the fact that this patch nets out at minus five lines.
Since this is a response to a field bug report, back-patch to all branches.
Although these temp tables will get removed from template1 at the end of
the standalone-backend run, that's too late to keep them from getting
copied into the template0 and postgres databases, now that we use only a
single backend run for the whole sequence. While no real harm is done
by the extra copies (since they'd be deleted on first use of the temp
schema), it's still unsightly, and it would mean some wasted cycles for
every database creation for the life of the installation.
Oversight in commit c4a8812cf6. Noticed by Amit Langote.
Commit ed7b3b3811 purported to remove initdb's use of VACUUM FULL,
as had been agreed to in a pghackers discussion back in Dec 2014.
But it missed this one ...
Previously, each subroutine in initdb fired up its own standalone backend
session. Over time we'd grown as many as fifteen of these sessions,
and the cumulative startup and shutdown work for them was getting pretty
noticeable. Combining things so that all these steps share a single
backend session cuts a good 10% off the total runtime of initdb, more
if you're not fsync'ing.
The main stumbling block to doing this before was that some of the sessions
were run with -j and some not. The improved definition of -j mode
implemented by my previous commit makes it possible to fix that by running
all the post-bootstrap steps with -j; we just have to use double instead of
single newlines to end command strings. (This is only absolutely necessary
around the VACUUM and CREATE DATABASE steps, since those can't be run in a
transaction block. But it seems best to make them all use double newlines
so that the commands remain separate for error-reporting purposes.)
A minor disadvantage is that since initdb can't tell how much of its
output the backend has executed, we can no longer have the per-step
progress reporting initdb used to print. But things are fast enough
nowadays that that's not really all that useful anyway.
In passing, add more const decoration to some of the static arrays in
initdb.c.
The fsync code from the backend essentially assumes that somebody's already
validated PGDATA, at least to the extent of it being a readable directory.
That's safe enough for initdb's normal code path too, but "initdb -S"
doesn't have any other processing at all that touches the target directory.
To have reasonable error-case behavior, add a pg_check_dir call.
Per gripe from Peter E.
The argument that this is a sufficiently-expected case to be silently
ignored seems pretty thin. Andres had brought it up back when we were
still considering that most fsync failures should be hard errors, and it
probably would be legit not to fail hard for ETXTBSY --- but the same is
true for EROFS and other cases, which is why we gave up on hard failures.
ETXTBSY is surely not a normal case, so logging the failure seems fine
from here.
Make initdb's version of this logic look as much like the backend's
as possible. This is much less critical than in the backend since not
so many people use "initdb -S", but we want the same corner-case error
handling in both cases.
Back-patch to 9.3 where initdb -S option was introduced. Before that,
initdb only had to deal with freshly-created data directories, wherein
no failures should be expected.
Abhijit Menon-Sen
As with initdb these programs need to run with a restricted token, and
if they don't pg_upgrade will fail when run as a user with Adminstrator
privileges.
Backpatch to all live branches. On the development branch the code is
reorganized so that the restricted token code is now in a single
location. On the stable bramches a less invasive change is made by
simply copying the relevant code to pg_upgrade.c and pg_resetxlog.c.
Patches and bug report from Muhammad Asif Naeem, reviewed by Michael
Paquier, slightly edited by me.
strncpy() has a well-deserved reputation for being unsafe, so make an
effort to get rid of nearly all occurrences in HEAD.
A large fraction of the remaining uses were passing length less than or
equal to the known strlen() of the source, in which case no null-padding
can occur and the behavior is equivalent to memcpy(), though doubtless
slower and certainly harder to reason about. So just use memcpy() in
these cases.
In other cases, use either StrNCpy() or strlcpy() as appropriate (depending
on whether padding to the full length of the destination buffer seems
useful).
I left a few strncpy() calls alone in the src/timezone/ code, to keep it
in sync with upstream (the IANA tzcode distribution). There are also a
few such calls in ecpg that could possibly do with more analysis.
AFAICT, none of these changes are more than cosmetic, except for the four
occurrences in fe-secure-openssl.c, which are in fact buggy: an overlength
source leads to a non-null-terminated destination buffer and ensuing
misbehavior. These don't seem like security issues, first because no stack
clobber is possible and second because if your values of sslcert etc are
coming from untrusted sources then you've got problems way worse than this.
Still, it's undesirable to have unpredictable behavior for overlength
inputs, so back-patch those four changes to all active branches.
Used to say just "could not read password from file "...": Success", which
isn't very informative.
Mats Erik Andersson. Backpatch to all supported versions.
Since this is not something that a user should change,
pg_config_manual.h was an inappropriate place for it.
In initdb.c, remove the use of the macro, because utils/guc.h can't be
included by non-backend code. But we hardcode all the other
configuration file names there, so this isn't a disaster.
Transactions can now set their commit timestamp directly as they commit,
or an external transaction commit timestamp can be fed from an outside
system using the new function TransactionTreeSetCommitTsData(). This
data is crash-safe, and truncated at Xid freeze point, same as pg_clog.
This module is disabled by default because it causes a performance hit,
but can be enabled in postgresql.conf requiring only a server restart.
A new test in src/test/modules is included.
Catalog version bumped due to the new subdirectory within PGDATA and a
couple of new SQL functions.
Authors: Álvaro Herrera and Petr Jelínek
Reviewed to varying degrees by Michael Paquier, Andres Freund, Robert
Haas, Amit Kapila, Fujii Masao, Jaime Casanova, Simon Riggs, Steven
Singer, Peter Eisentraut
630cd14426 added initdb --sync-only, for use by pg_upgrade, by just
exposing the existing fsync code. That's wrong, because initdb so far
had absolutely no reason to deal with tablespaces.
Fix --sync-only by additionally explicitly syncing each of the
tablespaces.
Backpatch to 9.3 where --sync-only was introduced.
Abhijit Menon-Sen and Andres Freund
The old name wasn't very descriptive as of actual contents of the
directory, which are historical snapshots in the snapshots/
subdirectory and mappingdata for rewritten tuples in
mappings/. There's been a fair amount of discussion what would be a
good name. I'm settling for pg_logical because it's likely that
further data around logical decoding and replication will need saving
in the future.
Also add the missing entry for the directory into storage.sgml's list
of PGDATA contents.
Bumps catversion as the data directories won't be compatible.
Historically these database properties could be manipulated only by
manually updating pg_database, which is error-prone and only possible for
superusers. But there seems no good reason not to allow database owners to
set them for their databases, so invent CREATE/ALTER DATABASE options to do
that. Adjust a couple of places that were doing it the hard way to use the
commands instead.
Vik Fearing, reviewed by Pavel Stehule
In yesterday's commit 2dc4f011fd, I tried
to force buffering of stdout/stderr in initdb to be what it is by
default when the program is run interactively on Unix (since that's how
most manual testing is done). This tripped over the fact that Windows
doesn't support _IOLBF mode. We dealt with that a long time ago in
syslogger.c by falling back to unbuffered mode on Windows. Export that
solution in port.h and use it in initdb.
Back-patch to 8.4, like the previous commit.
Since this program may print to either stdout or stderr, the relative
ordering of its messages depends on the buffering behavior of those files.
Force stdout to be line-buffered and stderr to be unbuffered, ensuring
that the behavior will match standard Unix interactive behavior, even
when stdout and stderr are rerouted to a file.
Per complaint from Tomas Vondra. The particular case he pointed out is
new in HEAD, but issues of the same sort could arise in any branch with
other error messages, so back-patch to all branches.
I'm unsure whether we might not want to do this in other client programs
as well. For the moment, just fix initdb.
Historically we've printed a complaint for a bad locale setting, but then
fallen back to the environment default. Per discussion, this is not such
a great idea, because rectifying an erroneous locale choice post-initdb
(perhaps long after data has been loaded) could be enormously expensive.
Better to complain and give the user a chance to double-check things.
The behavior was particularly bad if the bad setting came from environment
variables rather than a bogus command-line switch: in that case not only
was there a fallback to C/SQL_ASCII, but the printed complaint was quite
unhelpful. It's hard to be entirely sure what variables setlocale looked
at, but we can at least give a hint where the problem might be.
Per a complaint from Tomas Vondra.
It's easy to forget using SYSTEMQUOTEs when constructing command strings
for system() or popen(). Even if we fix all the places missing it now, it is
bound to be forgotten again in the future. Introduce wrapper functions that
do the the extra quoting for you, and get rid of SYSTEMQUOTEs in all the
callers.
We previosly used SYSTEMQUOTEs in all the hard-coded command strings, and
this doesn't change the behavior of those. But user-supplied commands, like
archive_command, restore_command, COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM calls, as well as
pgbench's \shell, will now gain an extra pair of quotes. That is desirable,
but if you have existing scripts or config files that include an extra
pair of quotes, those might need to be adjusted.
Reviewed by Amit Kapila and Tom Lane
Some popen() calls were missing SYSTEMQUOTEs, which caused initdb and
pg_upgrade to fail on Windows, if the installation path contained both
spaces and @ signs.
Patch by Nikhil Deshpande. Backpatch to all supported versions.
According to the Single Unix Spec and assorted man pages, you're supposed
to use the constants named AF_xxx when setting ai_family for a getaddrinfo
call. In a few places we were using PF_xxx instead. Use of PF_xxx
appears to be an ancient BSD convention that was not adopted by later
standardization. On BSD and most later Unixen, it doesn't matter much
because those constants have equivalent values anyway; but nonetheless
this code is not per spec.
In the same vein, replace PF_INET by AF_INET in one socket() call, which
wasn't even consistent with the other socket() call in the same function
let alone the remainder of our code.
Per investigation of a Cygwin trouble report from Marco Atzeri. It's
probably a long shot that this will fix his issue, but it's wrong in
any case.
Clear errno before calling readdir() and handle old MinGW errno bug
while adding full test coverage for readdir/closedir failures.
Backpatch through 8.4.
This feature, building on previous commits, allows the write-ahead log
stream to be decoded into a series of logical changes; that is,
inserts, updates, and deletes and the transactions which contain them.
It is capable of handling decoding even across changes to the schema
of the effected tables. The output format is controlled by a
so-called "output plugin"; an example is included. To make use of
this in a real replication system, the output plugin will need to be
modified to produce output in the format appropriate to that system,
and to perform filtering.
Currently, information can be extracted from the logical decoding
system only via SQL; future commits will add the ability to stream
changes via walsender.
Andres Freund, with review and other contributions from many other
people, including Álvaro Herrera, Abhijit Menon-Sen, Peter Gheogegan,
Kevin Grittner, Robert Haas, Heikki Linnakangas, Fujii Masao, Abhijit
Menon-Sen, Michael Paquier, Simon Riggs, Craig Ringer, and Steve
Singer.
A number of issues were identified by the Coverity scanner and are
addressed in this patch. None of these appear to be security issues
and many are mostly cosmetic changes.
Short comments for each of the changes follows.
Correct the semi-colon placement in be-secure.c regarding SSL retries.
Remove a useless comparison-to-NULL in proc.c (value is dereferenced
prior to this check and therefore can't be NULL).
Add checking of chmod() return values to initdb.
Fix a couple minor memory leaks in initdb.
Fix memory leak in pg_ctl- involves free'ing the config file contents.
Use an int to capture fgetc() return instead of an enum in pg_dump.
Fix minor memory leaks in pg_dump.
(note minor change to convertOperatorReference()'s API)
Check fclose()/remove() return codes in psql.
Check fstat(), find_my_exec() return codes in psql.
Various ECPG memory leak fixes.
Check find_my_exec() return in ECPG.
Explicitly ignore pqFlush return in libpq error-path.
Change PQfnumber() to avoid doing an strdup() when no changes required.
Remove a few useless check-against-NULL's (value deref'd beforehand).
Check rmtree(), malloc() results in pg_regress.
Also check get_alternative_expectfile() return in pg_regress.
Replication slots are a crash-safe data structure which can be created
on either a master or a standby to prevent premature removal of
write-ahead log segments needed by a standby, as well as (with
hot_standby_feedback=on) pruning of tuples whose removal would cause
replication conflicts. Slots have some advantages over existing
techniques, as explained in the documentation.
In a few places, we refer to the type of replication slots introduced
by this patch as "physical" slots, because forthcoming patches for
logical decoding will also have slots, but with somewhat different
properties.
Andres Freund and Robert Haas
krb5 has been deprecated since 8.3, and the recommended way to do
Kerberos authentication is using the GSSAPI authentication method
(which is still fully supported).
libpq retains the ability to identify krb5 authentication, but only
gives an error message about it being unsupported. Since all authentication
is initiated from the backend, there is no need to keep it at all
in the backend.
Previously, lookups of non-existent user names could return "Success";
it will now return "User does not exist" by resetting errno. This also
centralizes the user name lookup code in libpgport.
Report and analysis by Nicolas Marchildon; patch by me
This prevents the recently-added probe for shm_open() from crashing
on platforms that are impolite enough to deliver a signal rather than
returning ENOSYS for an unimplemented kernel call. At least on the
one known example (HPUX 10.20), ignoring SIGSYS does result in the
desired behavior of getting an ENOSYS error return instead.
Per discussion, we might later wish to do this in the backend as well,
but for now it seems sufficient to do it in initdb.
Add asprintf(), pg_asprintf(), and psprintf() to simplify string
allocation and composition. Replacement implementations taken from
NetBSD.
Reviewed-by: Álvaro Herrera <alvherre@2ndquadrant.com>
Reviewed-by: Asif Naeem <anaeem.it@gmail.com>
If POSIX shared memory is supported and works, we prefer it.
Otherwise, we prefer System V, except on Windows, where we use
the implementation specific to that platform.
When creating the symlink for the xlog directory, free the string
which stores the link location. Not really an issue but it doesn't
hurt to be good about this- prior cleanups have fixed similar
issues.
Leak found by the Coverity scanner.
Not back-patching as I don't see it being worth the code churn.
Checksums are set immediately prior to flush out of shared buffers
and checked when pages are read in again. Hint bit setting will
require full page write when block is dirtied, which causes various
infrastructure changes. Extensive comments, docs and README.
WARNING message thrown if checksum fails on non-all zeroes page;
ERROR thrown but can be disabled with ignore_checksum_failure = on.
Feature enabled by an initdb option, since transition from option off
to option on is long and complex and has not yet been implemented.
Default is not to use checksums.
Checksum used is WAL CRC-32 truncated to 16-bits.
Simon Riggs, Jeff Davis, Greg Smith
Wide input and assistance from many community members. Thank you.
We had two copies of this function in the backend and libpq, which was
already pretty bogus, but it turns out that we need it in some other
programs that don't use libpq (such as pg_test_fsync). So put it where
it probably should have been all along. The signal-mask-initialization
support in src/backend/libpq/pqsignal.c stays where it is, though, since
we only need that in the backend.
A materialized view has a rule just like a view and a heap and
other physical properties like a table. The rule is only used to
populate the table, references in queries refer to the
materialized data.
This is a minimal implementation, but should still be useful in
many cases. Currently data is only populated "on demand" by the
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW and REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW statements.
It is expected that future releases will add incremental updates
with various timings, and that a more refined concept of defining
what is "fresh" data will be developed. At some point it may even
be possible to have queries use a materialized in place of
references to underlying tables, but that requires the other
above-mentioned features to be working first.
Much of the documentation work by Robert Haas.
Review by Noah Misch, Thom Brown, Robert Haas, Marko Tiikkaja
Security review by KaiGai Kohei, with a decision on how best to
implement sepgsql still pending.
We now write one file per database and one global file, instead of
having the whole thing in a single huge file. This reduces the I/O that
must be done when partial data is required -- which is all the time,
because each process only needs information on its own database anyway.
Also, the autovacuum launcher does not need data about tables and
functions in each database; having the global stats for all DBs is
enough.
Catalog version bumped because we have a new subdir under PGDATA.
Author: Tomas Vondra. Some rework by Álvaro
Testing by Jeff Janes
Other discussion by Heikki Linnakangas, Tom Lane.
Andres Freund